1 topic content and scope of application 

This standard specifies in ultrasonic testing, the general concept of ultrasonic testing equipment, devices and materials, a term used in the ultrasonic testing method.

This standard is adopt Yu Chaosheng detection. For formulating standards and guiding technical documents and write and translation teaching materials, books, journals and other publications.

2 a general idea of ultrasonic testing

2.1 the ultrasonic flaw detection ultrasonic flaw detection

Ultrasonic wave travels in checked material, according to the material defects shown in the sound of acoustic properties of ultrasonic transmission method to detect the defects.

2.2 the elastic medium elastic medium

Connecting to each other by the elastic force of particle of matter.

2.3 wave wave

Vibration energy in the transmission process of elastic medium, the wave of atoms or molecules in material particle of a form of exercise.

2.4 sound & wave

Transmission of a kind of mechanical wave in elastic medium, originated from the vibration of the vocal body. The transmission of mechanical wave only transmission of vibration energy transfer without quality.

2.5 the ultrasonic ultrasonic wave

Frequency above 20000 hz (more than one ears) of sound waves.

2.6 wave front wave front

In wave propagation in the same time, by the front of the various points with the same phase of continuous surface.

Synonyms: wavefront

2.7 the wave wave form

Acoustic wave propagation in a medium, is characterized by wave propagation wave and. Such as plane wave and spherical wave and cylindrical wave, etc.

2.8 the plane wave plane wave

A wavefront for plane wave.

2.9 spherical wave spherical wave

A wavefront for concentric spherical wave.

2.10 cylindrical wave cylindrical wave

A wavefront for coaxial cylindrical wave.

2.11 wave type mode

In particle vibration direction and wave propagation direction to the relative relationship of the medium, the type of ultrasonic transmission. Such as longitudinal wave, shear wave and so on.

Synonyms: the mode of vibration mode of vibration

2.12 p-wave longitudinal wave

Acoustic wave propagation in the medium, the medium of particle and wave propagation direction of vibration wave in the same direction. Longitudinal wave can spread in a variety of medium, travels in solid medium, the transmission speed of about twice the shear wave.

Synonyms: compression wave compressional wave

2.13 the shear transverse wave

Acoustic wave propagation in the medium, the medium particle vibration direction and wave in the vertical direction of waves. Shear wave in solid and shear modulus of high viscous liquid, its propagation velocity is about half of the longitudinal wave.

Synonyms: shear wave shcar wave

2.14 surface wave surface wave

Along the surface of the medium between the two phase of the wave propagation. Surface wave amplitude decreases, and quickly with depth below the surface of its about 0.9 times that of the shear wave velocity, particle trajectory for elliptical vibration,

Synonyms: Rayleigh wave Rayleigh wave

2.15 Love wave, Love wave

Under certain conditions, can be in covered in semi-infinite medium another thin layer on the surface of solid medium without attenuation in the spread of a transverse wave.

2.16 crawl wave creeping wave

The Angle of the ultrasonic longitudinal wave near the first critical Angle oblique incidence to sound transmission medium, to produce the spread of a certain distance along the surface of the medium is a wave, the sound velocity and longitudinal wave is.

Synonyms: crawling longitudinal wave; Under the surface of longitudinal wave

2.17 plate wave plate wave

In the infinite plate medium (free with two parallel interface) in the propagation of acoustic waves. Plate wave only in frequency, Angle of incidence and thickness for a specific value. In plate wave propagation, according to the shape of the vibration can be divided into a symmetric and asymmetric type two kinds, and the elliptical locus of particle vibration, its propagation speed related to the material, thickness and frequency, etc.

Synonyms: Lamb wave Lamb wave

2.18 dilatational wave dilatational wave

In plate, bar or tube continuous symmetric to the spread of the expansion and compression wave, perpendicular to the direction of propagation of the size is smaller than the wavelength.

2.19 the flexural flexural wave

In infinite long thin rod and infinite thin plate (stem diameter and thickness is far smaller than the wavelength) in the transmission of a wave, the particle vibration direction and perpendicular to the stem axis or panel as the wave propagation, accompanied by rod or plate bending.

2.20 torsion wave torsion wave

In the cylindrical rod, tube and wire rod rotation of wave propagation, the axis is consistent with the direction of propagation.

2.21 bar wave of bar waves

Propagation in the bar of the expansion wave, the flexural and torsional wave, or a combination of the two waves.

2.22 pulse wave pulse

In terms of sound, means there is no other sound wave before and after the short column of sound waves.

Synonyms: pulse

2.23 continuous wave continuous wave

In contrast to the pulse wave, it is a continuous vibration of sound wave.

2.24 pulse length pulse length

In time or cycle numerical representation of the pulse duration.

Synonyms, pulse width of pulse width

2.25 pulse amplitude pulse amplitude

Voltage amplitude of the pulse signal. When using a-scope, usually is the baseline to the pulse peak height.

2.26 pulse energy pulse energy

The total energy contained in a single pulse.

2.27 pulse envelope pulse envelope

The outline of pulse display.

2.28 particle (vibration) speed particle velocity

When sound wave transmission, medium speed vibrating back and forth in the equilibrium position of a particle.

2.29 sound sound velocity

The speed of sound wave propagation in a medium that the distance of the acoustic wave propagation in a unit time.

2.30 the group velocity group velocity

Frequency and phase velocity only tiny difference of the coherent wave group of envelope surface speed.

The velocity of 2.31 phase velocity

Monochromatic wave medium face reading along the normal speed, its value is equal to the wavelength and the structure vibration frequency of the product.

2.32 the dispersion dispersion

Sound velocity varies with frequency.

2.33 the dispersion medium dispersive medium

Ultrasonic wave phase velocity and group velocity changing with frequency of materials.

2.34 wavelength wave length

In the wave propagation direction, two adjacent distance with phase particles.

2.35 wave train wave train

Produced by the same source, with the same characteristics, and a list of acoustic wave propagation along the same path.

2.36 interference interference

By two (or more) waves of this out with the same frequency, same direction and constant phase difference of vibration wave superposition in space, in the different locations of overlapping area, wave amplitude increase or decline phenomenon.

2.37 standing wave standing wave; Stationary wave

Two same amplitude coherent superposition of wave propagation along the opposite direction in a straight line into a wave called a standing wave. Its characteristic is fixed in the space of antinode and node.

2.38 antinode antinode. Wave loop

Standing wave amplitude maximum points.

Section 2.39 wave wave node

In the standing wave amplitude minimum point (usually zero).

2.40 ultrasonic ultrasonic field

Space full of ultrasound.

2.41 sound pressure sound pressure

Alternating vibration in the ultrasonic field in the dielectric particles of a transient of additional pressure.

2.42 sound intensity

Unit time inner medium in the direction of propagation is perpendicular to the beam through the average sound energy per unit area, i.e. acoustic energy flow density.

2.43 sound intensity level sound intensity level

A particular frequency of sound in decibels of sound intensity, equal to the acoustic intensity and benchmark acoustic intensity is the ratio of 10-12 w/m2d constant logarithm multiplied by 10.

2.44 decibels (dB) decibel

Two amplitude or intensity ratio logarithmic said.

2.45 acoustic impedance & impedance

The ratio of the acoustic pressure and particle vibration velocity, usually made of medium density rho and speed C product.

2.46 acoustic impedance matching acoustical impedance matching

Asked the coupling of acoustic impedance of the two media.

2.47 the near field near field

Adjacent transducer and ultrasonic area with complex beam energy.

Synonyms; Fresnel zone Fresnel range

2.48 length of near field near field length

The last sound pressure on the main beam axis maximum distance and see the surface of the wafer.

2.49 the far field far field

Near field acoustic field beyond, in the far field, ultrasonic wave at a certain point to spread Angle, and the sound pressure monotonously with the increase of distance

Attenuation (down).

Synonyms; , the post charge fee area Fraunhofer range

2.50 beam beam

In the direction of sound source directivity on concentrated launch a bunch of ultrasound.

Synonyms: beam

2.51 the beam axis beam axis

Probe beam figure of the center line, in the far field is defined as the maximum sound pressure point of trajectory, and extend to the near field.

2.52 the main beam main beam

Sound source sound energy right in front of the most concentrated area.

Synonyms: main lobe main lobe

2.53 sidelobe side lobe

Near the sound source around the main beam of the ultrasound beam peak or projecting part clearly.

Synonyms: sidelobe

2.54 beam spread beam spread

When ultrasonic through the medium of beam divergence.

2.55 directivity directivity

Ultrasonic energy is concentrated in one direction characteristics of the launch. The chip size is larger, the higher the frequency, directivity, the better.

2.56 pointing Angle Angle of spread

The horns of the said directional sharpness.

Synonyms: half diffusion Angle

2.57 effective cross section beam effective cross - section of the beam

Edge pressure than low acoustic beam axis ndB (such as - 6 db and - 20 db) of the beam cross section.

2.58 reflection reflection

When ultrasonic beam from one medium to another kind of acoustic impedance of different medium, the phenomenon of part of the energy is reflected back to the original medium.

2.58 total reflection of total reflection

According to the law of refraction, when the incident Angle DengZi or greater than the critical Angle, the sound waves can't penetrate into the second medium (refraction), known as the total reflection.

2.60 reflection Angle Angle of reflection

Reflected beam and the Angle between the interface normal reflection point.

2.61 reflection coefficient of the reflection coefficient

Reflection on the reflected wave acoustic pressure and the ratio of the incident wave sound pressure.

2.62 incidence Angle of incidence

Ultrasound beam tilt into detecting the point of view, the ultrasonic beam and the Angle between the incident point detection face normals.

2.63 reflection refraction

When ultrasound beam obliquely from one medium to another kind of sound velocity of different medium, the propagation direction of Angle change now

Elephant.

2.64 Angle of refraction Angle of refraction

Refraction wave propagation direction and the Angle between the incident point detection face normals.

2.65 refractive index refractive index

The ratio of the two kinds of sound contact medium velocity.

2.66 critical Angle critical Angle

Ultrasound beam of a certain incident Angle, and more than this Angle, a certain type wave refraction or reflection wave ceases to exist. ;

2.67 the first critical Angle the first critical Angle

When wave refraction Angle increases to 90. The longitudinal beam incident Angle

2.68 the second critical Angle the second critical Angle

When the transverse wave refraction Angle increases to 90. At the time of the p-wave incidence Angle.

2.69 the third critical Angle third critical Angle

When the p-wave reflection Angle increases to 90. When the incident Angle of shear waves.

2.70 transmission transmission

When the ultrasonic wave vertical incidence on the heterogeneous interface, the phenomenon of energy through the interface into the second medium.

2.71 transmission coefficient transmission coefficient

Transmission wave sound pressure and sound intensity and the ratio of the incident wave sound pressure and sound intensity.

2.72 reciprocating transmittance echo transmittance Of sound pressure

In the pulse reflection method detection, probe to receive the return of sound pressure and the ratio of the incident sound pressure. .

2.73 perforated layer sound transparent layer

Can through the sound waves without which the loss of sound intensity obviously thin layer medium.

2.74 grazing Angle of grazing Angle

Sound waves at close to 90. The incident Angle.

2.75 the first wave head wave

When longitudinal wave of grazing Angle shot and solid free surface, a shear wave by the wave pattern conversion and produce. In steel, 33. Head wave Angle.

2.76 mode conversion mode transformation

The wave of a given wave pattern in the process of transmission, reflection and refraction on the surface or boundary and produce other wave type wave process.

2.77 corner reflection effect corner effect

Ultrasound beam vertical incidence in the line of two vertical plane reflection phenomenon.

Synonyms: Angle effect

2.78 acoustic scattering sound scattering

Due to the much smaller long obstacles encountered in the medium or other discontinuity, and make the ultrasonic wave in different directions to produce irregular reflection, refraction and diffraction phenomenon.

2.79 the sound diffraction sound diffraction

Sound waves on the edge of the obstacles in the transmission of or exhibition yan phenomenon that occurs through the holes.

Synonyms: sound diffraction

2.80 the shadow area shadow

By examining a geometry or no continuity, and makes a given direction of propagation of ultrasonic energy can't arrived in the region.

2.81 attenuation attenuation

Ultrasonic wave propagation in a medium, with the increase of propagation distance, the phenomenon of sound pressure gradually weakened.

2.82 the total attenuation total attenuation

Any shape of the ultrasound beam, the specific mode of sound pressure along with the increase of propagation distance, due to scattering, absorption and diffusion of common cause such as weakening.

2.83 attenuation coefficient of attenuation coefficient

During the ultrasonic propagation in the medium, because material scattering in the unit's range of sound pressure loss, usually expressed in decibels per cm.

2.84 absorption absorption

In sound transmission medium, the part of ultrasonic energy into heat energy attenuation.

2.85 the fundamental frequency fundamental frequency

In resonance test, when the wavelength is thickness have been a double frequency.

2.86 harmonic frequency harmonics

As the fundamental frequency multiple frequencies.

2.87 ultrasonic spectrum ultrasonic spectroscopy

Ultrasonic amplitude of each frequency component in the distribution.

2.88 discontinuous discontinuty (sex)

Artifacts normal tissue, structure or form any gap, gap that may, or may not affect the usability of the workpiece.

2.89 defect defect

Size, shape, orientation, location, or properties of the workpiece can cause damage to the effective use of, or does not meet the acceptance standard

The discontinuity of quasi requirements.

2.90 flaw

A faulty materials or parts, and it may be, or may not be harmful. If can be harmful, belong to defect or discontinuity.

2.91 instructions indication

In the inspection, need to explain the importance of the response or evidences.

2.92 instructions relevant indication

Must assess the discontinuity of instructions.

2.93 the instructions nonrelevant indication

Are produced by uncontrollable test condition of real instructions, but may constitute no relationship for the discontinuity of a defect.

2.94 false indication false indication

By inappropriate treatment or get, may have been wrongly interpreted as instructions of discontinuity or defect.

2.95 interpretation interpretation

Determine the directions are related or unrelated or false indication of the process.

2.96 assessment evaluation

After explain to pay attention to the instructions, it is in accordance with the provisions of the acceptance standard for sure.

3 ultrasonic testing equipment, devices and materials

3.1 ultrasonic testing system ultrasonic testing system

Composed of ultrasonic testing instrument, the probe and cable system.

3.2 ultrasonic flaw detector ultrasonic flaw detector

Using the ultrasonic reflection or transmission principle, in order to check the workpiece defect of the instrument. The main components of a synchronous circuit, transmitting circuit, receiving circuit, scanning circuit, display circuit, power circuit and the probe, etc. According to the display mode is different, can be divided into type A and type B, type C display, etc.

3.3 the ultrasonic thickness gauge ultrasonic thickness of the gauge

According to the ultrasonic propagation time in material or checked or produce resonance principle design, used to measure the thickness of the material or have been a instrument.

3.4 ultrasonic microscope ultrasonic microscope

A special type of microscope of ultrasonic radiation work.

3.5 type A shows A - scope A - scan

Expressed as a horizontal baseline (x axis) distance or time, with vertical deflection of the baseline (Y) amplitude of an information display method.

3.6 B shows B - scope B - scan

A can show the cross section of test pieces of images, indicating roughly the size of reflector and the ultrasonic information display method of the relative position.

3.7 C display C - C - scan scope

One can show checked images of longitudinal ultrasonic information display method.

3.8 D display D - scope D - scan

To be a volume of reflector for 3 d graphics.

3.9 MA type display MA - scope MA - scan

In the process of probe scanning, will get type A continuous overlay display graphical display.

3.10 launch pulse transmitted pulse

Added to the transducer in order to produce ultrasonic pulses of electricity.

3.11 the baseline time base

Type A display screen said in time or distance of horizontal scan lines.

Synonyms: scan line timeline

3.12 scan sweep

Electron beam cross flaw detector screen made repeated movement of the same style.

3.13 scanning speed sweep speed

On the screen of the ratio of the horizontal axis and the corresponding acoustic distance.

3.14 scan range sweep range

On the screen when the baseline can show the most loudly.

Synonyms: time base

3.15 delay scan of sweep

In type A or type B shows that when the initial part of the baseline is not displayed scanning methods.

3.16 interface trigger interface trigger

Interface signals as the starting point, to that point as the other timing system (for example, the gate location) reference.

3.17 baseline broadening expanded time - base sweep

Baseline points when the increase of scanning speed, can will be examining a thickness or length range selection of echo in ultrasonic flaw detector in more detail shown on the screen.

Synonyms: scale broadening scale expansion

3.18 level linear horizontal linearity; Time or short linearity

Ultrasonic flaw detector shown on the screen time or distance shaft signal and the input of the receiver of the signal generator (through correction time or to know the thickness of the plate of the multiple echo) is proportional to the relationship.

Synonyms: distance linear; Time base linear

3.19 vertical linear vertical linearity

Ultrasonic flaw detector signal amplitude is displayed on the screen and enter a receiver signal amplitude is proportional to the relationship.

Synonyms: amplitude linear amplitude linearly

3.20 level limit horizontal limit

The screen can show the maximum horizontal deflection distance.

3.21 vertical limit vertical limit

Screen can show the reflection of the large amplitude of pulse.

3.22 dynamic range dynamic range

In a constant gain control, ultrasonic flaw detector screen can distinguish the ratio of the maximum and minimum reflection area of wave height. Usually expressed in decibels.

3.23 pulse repeat frequency pulse repetition frequency

In order to generate ultrasonic, inspired by pulse generator sensor chip per second pulse number.

Synonyms: pulse repetition rate pulse repetition rate

3.24 testing frequency inspection frequency. The test frequency

The use of ultrasonic frequency ultrasonic testing. Usually is 0.4 ~ 15 MHZ.

Synonyms; Inspection frequency

3.25 the echo frequency echo frequency

Echo on the timeline to extend peak interval reciprocal observations.

3.26 sensitivity sensitivity

In ultrasonic flaw detector screen produce discernible instructions of a measure of the smallest ultrasonic signal.

3.27 sensitivity margin surplus sensitivity

Ultrasonic flaw detection system, to a certain level of standard defect detection sensitivity and the biggest difference between the detection sensitivity.

3.28 penetration depth penetration

In ultrasonic flaw detection, have been a able to measure the maximum depth of echo signal.

3.29 blind dead zone

Under a certain detection sensitivity, from detection recently an surface defects in checked in depth. Blind area by the probe, the characteristics of ultrasonic flaw detector and have been determined.

3.30 resolution resolution

Ultrasonic flaw detection system is able to distinguish between transverse and longitudinal or the depth direction from the recent ability must be the size of two adjacent defects.

3.31 the longitudinal resolution longitudinal resolution

Resolution in the direction of propagation along the beam.

3.32 the horizontal resolution transverse resolution

On the horizontal distance from probe, perpendicular to the direction of acoustic beam resolution.

3.33 pulse tuning: pulse tuning

On some ultrasonic flaw detector used in a kind of control method, namely through adjusting the frequency spectrum of the transmitted pulse to probe and cable has the best response to the transmitter.

3.34 saturated saturation

The input signal amplitude and screen echo signal amplitude does not increase a phenomenon.

3.35 trigger/alarm state trigger/alarm condition

Ultrasonic instruments found the checked parts are overweight detection signal instructions.

3.36 trigger/alarm trigger/alarm level

Ultrasonic instruments used to distinguish between checked as qualified or unqualified signal amplitude difference of benchmark,

3.37 video display video presentation

Ultrasonic probe receives high frequency signal, the detection enlarged form detection graphics display method.

Synonyms, detection

3.38 radio frequency display radio frequency (r - f) display

Ultrasonic probe receives high frequency signal, after amplification method for display directly. Synonyms: no detection

3.39 time scale markers

Use electronic methods produce a series of pulses or other ways to appear on the screen when the baseline in the signal, used for the determination of distance or time.

3.40 scale short distance marker; Time marker

To facilitate direct instructions defect were found within the level of depth and distance, path and add in the detector on the screen when the baseline equal scale.

3.41 inhibit reject suppression

In ultrasonic flaw detector, in order to reduce or eliminate the low amplitude of the signal noise (electric or material), a large signal control method is highlighted.

3.42 valve gate

Selected for monitoring detection signal or further processing method for a period of time range of electronics.

3.43 attenuator attenuator

Make the signal voltage device (pressure) quantitative change. Attenuation expressed in decibels.

3.44 collimator collimator

Control the size and the direction of the ultrasound beam device.

3.45 SNR signal - to - noise thewire

Ultrasonic signal amplitude and the ratio of the maximum background noise amplitude. Usually expressed in decibels.

3.46 signal leakage cross talk

Acoustic or electric signals through the default isolation layer leakage phenomenon.

3.47 block the quenching

The receiver receives the transmitted pulse or strong pulse signal after the moment caused by sensitivity to reduce or failure phenomenon.

3.48 gain gain

Ultrasonic flaw detector receiving amplifier voltage to put a lot of logarithmic form. Expressed in decibels.

3.49 distance amplitude correction short amplitude correction, swept gain; The time Variable gain; Time corrected gain.

Amplifier using electronics method, make the same for the same in different depth reflection physical echo amplitude.

Synonyms: DAC calibration, depth of compensation

3.50 short distance amplitude curve gain size curve

According to the prescribed requirements, produced by the echo of the known reflector distance D (A), the flaw detector gain G (V) and the size of the reflector S (G), draw A set of three parameters curve. During actual testing that can be measured by the defects of distance and gain value, from then on, the curve to estimate the equivalent size of defect.

Synonyms: DGS curve AVG curve

3.51 area of amplitude curve area amplitude response curve

Said when vertical incidence, sound transmission medium from the probe isometric area but different planar reflector echo amplitude change curve.

3.52 coupling coupling

Between the probe and checked up the transmission of sound waves.

3.53 couplant coupling agent

Upon between the probe and the surface of the probe, to improve the ultrasonic energy transfer of liquid medium.

Synonyms: coupling medium coupling medium

3.54 spray bubbler

Use of jet flow make ultrasound beam and checked a coupling device.

3.55 Schlieren system Schlieren system

One for visual display ultrasound beam transmission of the optical system in the transparent medium.

3.56 the test block, block

Used to identify the ultrasonic detection system characteristic and the detection sensitivity of the samples.

3.57 standard block standard test block

Material, shape and size by the competent authority or authority verification test block. Used for ultrasonic testing device or system performance test and sensitivity adjustment.

Synonyms: the calibration block calibration block

3.58 reference blocks in reference block

Adjust the ultrasonic testing system sensitivity or more defect size block. Commonly used and checked the material properties of similar materials.

Synonyms: reference block

3.59 piezoelectric effect of piezoelectric effect

Certain materials, when forces are imposed, can make its surface charge accumulation and reversible effect, known as the voltage effect.

3.60 magnetostrictive effect magnetostrictive effect

Some materials, deformation and reversible effects in magnetic field, called magnetostrictive effect.

3.61 piezoelectric materials piezoelectric material

Material with characteristics of piezoelectric effect, such as quartz, barium titanate and lead zirconate titanate, etc.

3.62 sensor probe; The Search Unit

Transmitting or receiving or both transmit and receive ultrasonic energy of electroacoustic converting device. The device by trademark commonly, plugs, shell, backing, piezoelectric element, protective film or wedge.

Synonyms: transducer transducer

3.63 PZT piezoelectric transducer

In the form of piezoelectric effect, will be the reversible conversion of electrical and mechanical vibration signal transducer.

3.64 the electromagnetic acoustic transducer company - magnetic & transducer

Produced by the metal surface electromagnetic induction eddy current and a constant magnetic field in metal lorentz force as a result of the interaction between the conversion of electrical energy and mechanical energy transmit or receive ultrasonic transducer.

3.65 magnetostrictive transducer magnetostrictive transducer

In the form of magnetostrictive effect, converts electrical energy and mechanical energy reversible transducer.

3.66 normal straight probe to the probe

Vertical crack detection with the probe, is mainly used for longitudinal wave flaw detection.

Synonyms: straight beam probe straight beam probe

3.67 Angle probe Angle probe

Oblique detection with the probe, it is mainly used for shear wave detection.

Synonyms: oblique Angle beam probe beam probe

3.68 longitudinal wave probe longitudinal wave probe

Transmitting and receiving longitudinal wave probe.

3.69 Shear Wave probe Shear Wave probe

Transmitting and receiving shear wave probes, such as cut quartz probe Y.

3.70 surface wave probe surface wave probe

Transmitting and receiving surface wave probe, used for surface wave detection.

3.71 focusing probe focusing probe

Can make the ultrasonic probe beam focusing.

3.72 variable Angle probe variable Angle probe

Can change the incident Angle of the probe.

3.73 immersion probe based the probe

Used for immersion method detection probe.

3.74 Water coupling probe Water Column of the probe

Water column coupling method detection with the probe.

Synonyms: local water immersion probe

3.75 wheel probe wheel type probe; Wheel search unit

One or more of the piezoelectric element in a liquid filled with the activities of the tyre, the ultrasonic beam through the rolling of the tire contact area and detect faces a probe coupling.

3.76 single chip probe single crystal probe

Made of a single chip probe, can transmit and receive concurrently.

3.77 double wafer probe double crystal probe; Twin probe T - R probe; S - E the probe

Equipped with two wafer probe, as a transmitter, the other as a receiver.

Synonyms: joint double probe: split type probe

3.78 epidural probe hard - faced the probe

In order to reduce wear and tear, with a hard material, such as steel or ceramic coating of the probe.

3.79 soft membrane probe soft - faced the probe

Using elastic membrane protective film, filling the gap between wafer and film to probe into liquid coupling agent.

3.80 crystal chips

Ultrasonic probe of electroacoustic converting element. Mainly using quartz, barium titanate and lead zirconate titanate piezoelectric materials, such as the shape of plane, surface, etc.

3.81 crystal wafer load loading

From the chip to the silent coupled with medium transmission per unit area of mechanical work.

Electromechanical coupling coefficient 3.82 company - mechanical coupling factor

Piezoelectric wafer transformation between mechanical energy and electric energy efficiency (coupling strength) parameters.

3.83 the piezoelectric constant strain piezoelectric strain constant

The size of the unit of electric field intensity producing strain.

3.84 piezoelectric piezoelectric voltage constant voltage constant

The size of the unit stress open field intensity.

3.85 the piezoelectric constant stress piezoelectric stress constant

The size of the unit of electric field intensity produced stress.

3.86 piezoelectric stiffness constant of piezoelectric stiffness constant

The size of the unit strain to produce electric field intensity.

3.87 dielectric constant dielectric constant

Dielectric properties of materials. Dielectric constant and piezoelectric wafer attached after the electrode capacitance, which is associated with the electrical impedance of the piezoelectric wafer is present.

3.88 frequency constant frequency constant

The product of the wafer resonance frequency and its thickness.

3.89 quality factor of quality factor

Said due to internal friction material mechanical loss of the size. The smaller the quality factor, the greater the mechanical wear and tear.

Curie point 3.90 Curie point

For piezoelectric materials, refers to the temperature of the ferroelectric phase and electric phase shift between.

Synonyms; Curie temperature Curie temperature

3.91 the electric displacement electric below

The field strength multiplied by the dielectric constant.

3.92 protective film diaphragm

In order to protect the wafer and wafer stick in front of the wafer.

3.93 inclined wedge wedge

In order to make the ultrasonic wave oblique incidence in the detection of surface and add the wedge shaped object in front of the chip.

3.94 acoustic lens acoustical lens

In front of the wafer assembly, make the beam focusing device.

3.95 contact block contact shoe; The probe shoe

In order to protect the probe, or in order to adapt to the special detecting surface to improve the efficiency of transmitting and receiving the attached to probe the block in front of the object.

3.96 delayed block delay block

To make the ultrasonic pulse duration and so on influence on delay and attached to the probe in the process of chip in front of the acoustic materials, such as dual chip straight probe before the massive objects.

3.97 sound insulation layer sound insulating layer

Double wafer probe to make both apart in the way of sound absorption of strong sex of spacers.

3.98 probe backing the probe backing

On the other side of the piezoelectric wafer useful ultrasonic radiation with strong absorption and strong adhesive by blocks of damping materials.

3.99 probe damping the probe damping

Electrical or mechanical method reduce the vibration amplitude of probes successively each week, to limit the sensor signals are produced by pulse duration.

3.100 damping piece of damping block

Combined with chips or wedge blocks with high damping efficiency;

3.101 nominal Angle nominal Angle

Probe on the symbol Angle or Angle of refraction in steel.

3.102 K value K value

Tangent value of Angle probe Angle of refraction.

3.103 nominal frequency nominal frequency

Probe frequency.

3.104 working frequency operating frequency

The center of the probe of ultrasonic pulse spectrum frequency.

3.105 probe equivalent impedance probe equivalent impedance

Probe has certain load conditions, the absolute value of the input impedance.

3.106 deflection Angle Angle of squint

Probe the side with the projection on the surface of the probe beam axis Angle, for Angle probe, the deviation Angle is often associated with the transverse deviation.

3.107 roof Angle of roof Angle

Angle probe beam on the surface of the detection for the Angle between the projection and wafer normals, straight probe for the Angle between the beam axis and wafer normals.

3.108 the focal length focal short

The measured acoustic beam focusing probe focus to probe on the surface of the distance.

3.109 the focus length focus length

In focus with focus sound pressure contrast before and after the length of a certain decibels.

3.110 focus width focus width

Focused straight probe focus beam width or focusing Angle probe in the focus width along the horizontal direction.

3.111 they converge as convergence point

Double wafer probe axis intersection of transmit and receive sound field.

Synonyms: intersection

3.112 delay path delay path

The chip to detect the acoustic range.

3.113 probe the probe for the incident point index

Shear wave probes or surface wave probe launched by the probe beam axis base point.

3.114 front front distance is short

From the oblique incidence point of probe to the probe at the bottom of the distance.

Ultrasonic testing method

4.1 pulse reflection method pulse echo method

Will launch ultrasonic pulse to checked in, according to the circumstance of reflection wave method to detect defects, material, etc.

Synonyms: pulse echo method

4.2 penetrate method through transmission technique; Transmission technique

Ultrasonic fired by a probe, and by the side have been a relatively receive another probe, according to the degree of wear into the ultrasonic flaw detection method.

4.3 resonance method resonance method

Change the continuous ultrasonic frequency to determine resonance characteristic of checked parts, so as to identify checked a certain properties, such as thickness, rigidity, or a method of bonding quality.

4.4 method of longitudinal wave longitudinal wave technique

Using longitudinal wave flaw detection method.

4.5 tracing method of wave shear wave technique

Using shear wave detection method.

4.6 surface wave method of surface wave technique

Using the surface wave detection method. This method is mainly used for smooth surface of the material or checked.

4.7 rebounds turbidity method of plate wave technique

Using plate wave flaw detection method. This method is mainly used for inspection sheet.

Synonyms; Lamb wave method

4.8 vertical method of normal beam method. Straight beam method

Used to detect faces the vertical ultrasonic flaw detection method beam.

4.9 method of oblique Angle beam method

Use with ultrasound beam to detect face bevel flaw detection method.

4.10 acoustic resistance method & impedance method

Using the vibration characteristics of test pieces that have been a change of acoustic impedance to probe the rendered to testing method.

4.11 direct contact with the method of direct contact method

The probe of direct contact with detection of surface crack detection

4.12 contact method to contact inspection

Only through a thin layer of coupling agent to make the probe and the detection of surface contact detection method.

4.13 immersion method based testing

Probe and checked in (at least for local immersed) liquid (usually water), the probe do not direct contact with detecting surface, as a liquid (water) for the detection method of coupling medium.

4.14 Water coupling method Water co1umn coupling method

Will be part of the test piece is immersed in the water or checked parts between the probe and keep water and flaw detection method.

Synonyms: local water immersion method

4.15 a wave method single traverse by technique

In oblique flaw detection, ultrasonic beam directly without been hit a bottom reflection point defects.

Synonyms: the direct method direct scan

4.16 second wave method double traverse by technique

In oblique flaw detection, ultrasonic beam in checked the bottom reflection only once and point to the defect of the method.

Synonyms: a reflection method single bounce technique

4.17 three wave method triple traverse by technique

In oblique flaw detection, ultrasonic beam in checked bottom and the surface of the detection method of each reflection point to the defect after a.

Synonyms: secondary reflection method double traverse by technique

4.18 four wave method quadruple traverse by technique

In oblique flaw detection, ultrasonic beam in checked a bottom and detecting surface reflection method and point to the defect after three times.

Synonyms: three reflection method triple traverse by technique

4.19 multiple reflection method of multiple echo method

Using the bottom of the ultrasonic attenuation of multiple reflection wave testing materials, defect and checked the thickness of the method.

4.20 method of Shadow Shadow technique

Using an obstacle to the shadow cast by ultrasonic, acoustic shadow detection be a defect in the way.

4.21 single probe method single probe technique

With the same probe both transmit and receive ultrasonic flaw detection method.

4.22 double probe method of double probe technique

With two probes of transmit and receive ultrasonic flaw detection method.

More than 4.23 probe method multiple probe technique

Use two or more probe detection methods.

4.24 process a stop method of pitch and catch technique

Using two separate probe, one of which is used to ultrasonic energy into the checked parts, another in receives the position of the reflection wave ultrasonic testing method.

4.25 double double double charge method transceiver technique

At the same time using two probes, each probe and ultrasonic flaw detection method of transmitters and receivers.

4.26 movement of the pre - test

In ultrasonic flaw detection, with the above detection sensitivity for inspection in advance.

4.27 test the final test

In ultrasonic flaw detection of defects found in a preliminary study, with the specified sensitivity to operate carefully, in order to determine the nature, location, size and shape, etc.

4.28 manual testing manual testing

Probe by manual operation, the signal through inspection personnel to observe and evaluate detection methods.

4.29 mechanization to detect remote controlled testing

Implementation of defect signal observation and evaluation of all or part of the completed by mechanical device detection method.

4.30 automatically detect automatic testing

Use of electric, hydraulic and pneumatic energy such as mechanical scanning probe detection method and can automatically record inspection results.

4.31 detecting surface test surface

In ultrasonic testing, ultrasonic energy enters or leaves were found through the surface.

Synonyms: inspection surface

4.32 interface interface boundary

Different acoustic impedance of the interface of two media.

4.33 bottom bottom surface

In the vertical flaw detection, and detection on the surface of the surface relative farthest checked.

Synonyms: on the back of the back surface; The back wall

4.34 pour surface side wall

In the vertical flaw detection, have been in addition to detect surface and bottom surface.

4.35 end edge

In oblique detection and plate wave inspection, the reflected ultrasonic thickness direction of the surface, the equivalent of vertical detection in the underside.

4.36 effective reflective surface defects effective reflection surface of flaw

Acoustic beam and defect, which can be reflected defect surface along the original path.

4.37 echo echo

Ultrasonic signal reflected from the reflector.

Synonyms: reflection wave reflected wave

4.38 echo echo indication

Is shown on the echo of ultrasonic flaw detector.

4.39 interface echo interface echo

By different acoustic impedance of the interface of two medium echo.

Synonyms: interface wave

4.40 - boundary echo boundary echo (first)

From checked any boundary reflection, in the shortest possible path to return to the probe surface echo. Second term is limited to shear wave and surface wave detection.

4.41 bottom echo bottom echo

By examining a bottom reflected wave.

Synonyms: the back echo back reflection; The back wall echo -

4.42 reference echo control echo

From a constant reflective surfaces, such as bottom reflected the reference signal.

4.43 through display display through

In the penetration method shows the received acoustic signal.

4.44 clutter echo parasitic echo

Get in the way of detection results various echoes always called interference. Including false reflection wave, reflection wave and wedge for instrument noise, interference of reflected wave, etc.

4.45 shape echo form echo

Caused by the geometry of test a echo.

4.46 edge echo edge echo

The shape of the echo from edge.

Synonyms; Edge wave

4.47 multiple echo multiple echo

Ultrasonic wave at the interface between two different successively formed by reciprocating echo many times.

Synonyms: multiple reflection multiple reflections

4.48 times the bottom reflection multiple back reflections

Have multiple reflections from been hit a bottom.

4.49 bottom reflection loss 1 oss of back reflections

Have been a bottom reflection wave amplitude reduced or disappeared.

A synonym for On the back of the reflection loss

4.50 late return of the echo

From the same reflector echo, because of the different path or on the way, mode conversion and later to echo.

4.51 the surface echo surface echo

From the reflected wave on the surface of the checked.

4.52 the illusion echo the phantom echo

Due to the ultrasonic flaw detector repetition frequency is too high, the sound of permeability good materials in the real echo (false).

4.53 the abnormal echo ghost echo

Due to pulse repetition frequency and the echo of the baseline frequency matching combination of misconduct and form display.

4.54 the grass grass shape echo

Due to the ultrasonic reflection on grain boundaries or small reflector in material to form a spatial random signal.

Synonyms: Lin echo

4.55 wedge echo spurious echo

Beam oblique incidence to the bottom of the wedge, some is reflected, because this part of the sound energy within the wedge of clutter reflection formed after the birth of pulse echo on the screen.

4.56 the defect echo flaw echo

By examining a internal or surface defects caused by echo.

Synonyms: defect reflection wave, wave

4.57 the dense echo cluster echo

A very much and the distance between each other a group of little echo.

4.58 travelling swimming echo echo

Under the normal detection sensitivity, with the moving of the probe and swim with obvious flaw echoes on the screen, referred to as the moving echoes.

4.59 noise noise

The useful signal receiving, interpretation, or processing any useless interference effect (electric or acoustic) signal.

4.60 surface noise surface noise

Due to the uneven surface, within the coupling layer of unwanted signals of ultrasonic reflection form, usually shown in close to the transmitted pulse distance.

4.61 electronic noise electronic noise

Caused by electrical interference and thermal noise in flaw detector amplifier with time of rapid change of useless random signal.

4.62 reflector reflector

Ultrasound beam generated when the acoustic impedance change of reflection interface, according to its shape is spherical, cylindrical, disc and trough, etc.

4.63 the artificial defect artificial defect

In the process of inspection, in order to adjust or calibrate the sensitivity of detection system, etc., in various ways on the block or checked into the inductrial injury, such as flat bottom hole, cross hole, slot, etc.

4.64 flat bottom hole flat - bottomed hole

Flat cylindrical blind holes, the circular plane with as ultrasonic reflector.

4.65 horizontal hole cross - drilled hole

Parallel to the detection of surface and probe into the cylindrical hole of the orthogonal direction, its forming cylinder ultrasonic reflector.

4.66 detection range test range

A proportional adjusted screen the whole timeline (full scale) represented by the distance range.

4.67 inspection sensitivity working sensitivity

Under specified conditions (frequency, gain, inhibition, etc.) can out under minimum defect.

4.68 scan sensitivity scanning sensitivity

To prevent undetection, in a preliminary study of the sensitivity of the rules adopted by the high sensitivity.

4.69 rules specified sensitivity sensitivity

According to the requirements of the product technology (procedures, instructions, etc.) to determine the sensitivity.

4.70 inspection graphic pattern

In ultrasonic flaw detector record inspection results shown on the screen or a recording device or graphics.

4.71 echo height echo height

Inspection on the graphic reflection pulse height, with db values or standard calibration board expressed as percentage.

Synonyms; Echo amplitude of the echo amplitude

4.72 width of echo echo width

From the correction of ultrasonic flaw detector screen horizontal scan lines echo width for readout of the scale.

4.73 start pulse initial pulse

Transmitted pulse display on the screen.

4.74 starting wave width initial pulse width

Start pulse starting point (front) and end point (along) the spacing between the.

Synonyms; Initial pulse width

4.75 direct beam straight beam

The spread of the perpendicular to the detection of surface ultrasonic beam.

4.76 oblique beam Angle beam

At a certain Angle of incidence and refraction Angle must be checked in the spread of the ultrasound beam.

4.77 the focus beam focused beam

On the specific distance, sound energy beam.

4.78 beam incident point beam index

On the surface of the incident beam axis and checked the intersection point.

Span 4.79 points the skip point

Surface and bottom shear wave detection, the detection and the reflection point of the intersection of a beam axis.

4.80 transmission point transmission point

With ultrasonic energy into consistent checked a moment when displayed in a point on the baseline.

4.81 the coupling loss coupling losses

Due to the ultrasonic results in the decrease of the amplitude of the ultrasonic by coupling agent.

4.82 transmission fixed transfer correction

Because of the sound energy of test pieces with the calibration block to penetrate into different amount to the correction of ultrasonic instruments put a lot of, including surface sound energy loss correction (compensation) surface and attenuation compensation.

Synonyms; Transfer compensation

4.83 scan scanning

In the ultrasonic flaw detection, detection probe and checked on the surface of the relative movement.

4.84 scan area scanning zone

The scope of the probe and detecting surface relative motion.

4.85 scanning speed, scanning speed

Probe and detecting surface relative moving speed.

4.86 scanning track scanning path

Probe in detecting surface moving trajectory.

4.87 scan spacing scan pitch

As it moves, a probe in a scan area between the scan line spacing, or pitch.

4.88 indirect scan an indirect scan

Use checked pieces of a surface or a few surface reflection, make the ultrasonic scanning beam alignment defects.

4.89 gap scanning gap scanning

Probe and detecting surface through a small amount of fluid coupling between scan method.

4.90 contact scan contact scanning

Probe and checked under the contact state of scanning method.

4.91 full scan all - round scan

Probe on the whole detection without omissions, progressive movement (adjacent scanning line spacing is not greater than the diameter of the probe) scan method.

4.92 partial scan local scan

Probe on the surface of the whole detection according to the requirement to move with spacing rules (adjacent scanning line spacing generally larger than the diameter of the probe) scan method.

4.93 linear scan line scan

Probe care board class were a make linear movement at a certain distance between the detection of surface or oblique scan method of linear movement.

4.94 the grid line scan scan on the grid lines

Probe according to delimit in advance good grid line make linear movement to follow a first direction, and then to 90. To make linear movement along the a direction perpendicular to the direction of the original scan method.

4.95 scan spot scan

Probe does not make the move, for by leaps and bounds to have been only a specified point contact, contact or not for fixed point (such as spacing), but according to the need in the appropriate place on the sampling method of scan.

4.96 before and after the scan travering scan; The depth scan

In shear wave detection, move in the direction of the probe in weld vertical scanning method.

4.97 scan lateral scan

In shear wave detection, probe and weld a certain distance, move the probe parallel to the weld scan method.

4.98 inclined parallel scan lateral scan with oblique Angle

In shear wave detection, using a probe Angle to the weld, parallel to the weld mobile probe scanning method.

4.99 surround scan swivel scan

Have been sent to one at the same time, the probe perpendicular to the surface, have been rotating along the detection surface scan method.

4.100 rotational scanning rotational scan

In shear wave detection, in order to probe the incident point as the center, rotational probe, to change the direction of relative weld beam scanning method.

4.101 serial scan the tandem scan

Thick plate weld transverse wave detection, such as arrange two probe before and after, in the side of the weld process a stop scanning method.

4.102 on the weld scan scanning directly on the weld

In shear wave detection, level the enhancement for part of the weld, to check the defects such as transverse cracks, place the probe on the weld, the ultrasonic beam in the direction of the weld, the weld on mobile probe scanning method.

4.103 cross scanning straddle scan

Place a probe on each side of the weld, process a stop scanning method to detect butt weld transverse defects.

Synonyms: across the scan

4.104 parallel scan parallel scan

Probe directly located on the surface of the detection area and moving direction of axis parallel with the place, it is mainly used for horizontal found defective.

4.105 the sawtooth scanning zigzag scan

In shear wave flaw detection, probe, moving back and forth between side slightly moving parallel to the weld into a zigzag path of scanning method.

4.106 acoustic distance beam path; The path length

In the flaw detection, beam through the one-way journey.

4.107 span the skip short

In oblique detection, from sound waves incident on the surface of the detection points to the sound waves reflected back to the underside to the horizontal distance between the detection point below.

4.108 positioning location

Using the known size of the block (or workpieces) as a reflector to adjust the timeline of flaw detector, and then according to the location of the reflected wave on the timeline to determine the location of the defect.

4.109 level positioning horizontal location

Regulate the percentage of time line and horizontal distance into the corresponding relationship between positioning.

4.110 vertical positioning vertical location

Regulate the percentage of time line and depth distance into the corresponding relationship between positioning.

4.111 acoustic range positioning beam path location

Adjust the time line and path distance into the corresponding proportion of the relationship between positioning.

4.112 defects edge distance front short of flaw

In the front of the detection Angle probe on the surface of the distance to the defect.

The probe 4.113 level distance short

Angle probe the incident point to the defect on the surface of the detection distance.

Synonyms: the probe distance

4.114 probe - weld from the probe to weld short

On the detection Angle probe the incident point's horizontal distance to the center of the weld.

4.115 water path water path; Water short

In the immersion method or water column coupling method detection, from the probe beam to probe on the surface of the distance between incident point.

Synonyms: water path

4.116 the depth depth location of the position

On the surface of the reflector to detect distance.

4.117 the depth depth range extension

Perpendicular to the detection of surface reflector in the scope of the depth direction.

4.118 the quantitative method of sizing technique

According to the defects of ultrasonic response assessment method of defect size.

4.119 equivalent equivalent

Used for defect is the size of a certain type of artificial defects.

4.120 equivalent method of equivalent method

Under the condition of a certain depth measurement, with some rules of artificial defects reflector size to represent actual defects in checked a relative size of a quantitative method.

4.121 flat bottom hole equivalent flat - bottomed hole equivalent

Refers to the same distance on the defects of ultrasonic indication is given with a flat bottom hole size ultrasonic indication.

4.122 the reference of the law on reference blocks block method

Reference blocks with known reflector shows compared with checked pieces obtained show that the evaluation method.

4.123 method of baseline reference line method

With the sound of the specific process, geometric shape and size of the reference curve reflection system adopt evaluation were obtained according to evaluation method.

Synonyms: reference line method

4.124 half half wave height method -- the value method

Under the condition of the same probe, the probe from the position of the echo of maximum mobile to echo height as the half value of the original, and to evaluate methods of reflector size.

4.125 indicated defect length indicated defect length

Will be the beginning of the ultrasonic inspection for defects and terminal position projection on the testing material surface and the length of the connection between the two.

4.126 indicated defect area indicated the defect area

The product of the indicated defect length and the width or height.

4.127 acoustical holography & holography

Using the characteristics of acoustic holographic imaging technology.